基于多區模型的住宅公共煙道倒煙現象研究
Research on oil fume reflux phenomenon in residential central exhaust shaft based on multi-zone model
摘要：
為研究住宅廚房公共煙道倒煙現象的產生原因，本文采用Modelica語言建立了公共煙道動態仿真多區模型，以現場測量值進行了驗證，仿真得到了不同工況下多層、小高層、高層住宅廚房公共煙道內靜壓分布情況和各層的排煙效果，定量分析了倒煙現象對室內空氣品質的影響。結果表明，當前油煙機防倒煙止回閥裝置的密封性有局限，高層建筑在油煙機開機率較大時難以達到預期效果，需在止回閥性能、導向負壓式排煙管道設計及油煙機排風自動增壓技術上進一步改善。
Abstract：
In order to study the causes of oil fume reflux phenomenon in central exhaust shaft of residential kitchens, this paper establishes a multi-zone model of central exhaust shaft using the Modelica language, and then uses field measurement values as verification to simulate the static pressure distribution of central exhaust shaft in low-rise, mid-rise and high-rise buildings under different opening rates, which can quantitatively analyse the impact of the oil fume reflux and odor migration on indoor air quality. The results show that the tightness of the current range hood anti-inverted smoke check valve device is limited, and it is difficult for high-rise buildings to achieve the expected effect when the range hood opening rate is large. Further improvement needs to be made in the performance of backdraft dampers, the design of guided negative pressure central exhaust shaft and the automatic pressurization technology of range hood exhaust.
Keywords:multi-zonemodel;residentialbuilding;kitchenexhaustshaft;oilfumerefluxphenomenon;buildingsimulation